Seeds need specific conditions to germinate successfully. Here is 5 basic tips to ensure the best start.

1. Always use a good quality seed raising mix.
Seed raising mix helps the germination process so it is important to use a fresh mix every year. (Important: Always use seed raising mix in an airy place. See http://2womenon2acres.com/the-serious-health-dangers-of-potting-seed-raising-mix/ for more details)

2. Never sow seeds too deeply.
One reason why many seeds don’t germinate is because they are buried too deep in the seed raising mix or open soil. General Guidelines for the depth to sow are:

Very fine seed, like carrot and lettuce, should be scattered onto the surface or the seed raising mix or soil and pressing firmly into the surface and not covered with any additional seed raising mix or soil.

Finer seeds, like cabbage and broccoli, should only just be covered with no more than sprinkling of seed raising mix or soil. Once again pat the surface after covering to ensure the seeds make contact with the soil.

Larger seeds like beans and zucchini, should be sown no deeper than twice their diameter.

3. The right amount of water.
Seeds that have been allowed to dry out or that have become waterlogged are not going to germinate successfully. Try to keep the seed raising mix or soil just dark damp by watering from the bottom of the container or around the area rather than directly onto the young seedlings themselves. This helps avoid disease and over or under watering.

4.The right amount of light.
Young seedlings sown in trays need sufficient light to grow, try a sunny window sill or table. If outside, protect from wind and rain by covering with protection like a cloche.

5. Keeping seedlings warm.
Late winter and early spring can still produce cold nights, even the odd frost and this can kill young seedlings. Ensure they keep warm by covering them with newspaper or other suitable material like a wool fleece. Remember to 'cover the tray and avoid squashing the young seedlings!!